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Montevideo Coordinates:: Founded 1724 Founded by Government • Type • Area • Capital city 201 km 2 (77.5 sq mi) • Metro 1,640 km 2 (633 sq mi) The area is 530 square kilometres (200 sq mi) and the conurbated built-up area 1,110 square kilometres (430 sq mi). Elevation 43 m (141 ft) Population (2011) • Capital city 1,305,082 • Density 6,726/km 2 (17,421/sq mi) • 1,719,453 • 1,947,604 • 1,319,108 montevideano (m) montevideana (f) Montevidean (English) () Postal code 11#00 & 12#00 (+598) 2XXX XXXX (2015) very high Montevideo ( Spanish pronunciation: ) is the capital and of.

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According to the 2011 census, the has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of 201 square kilometres (78 sq mi). The southernmost capital city in the, Montevideo is situated in the southern coast of the country, on the northeastern bank of the. The city was established in 1724 by a Spanish soldier,, as a strategic move amidst the - dispute over the. It was also under brief. Montevideo hosted all the matches during the. Montevideo is the seat of the administrative headquarters of and, ’s leading trade blocs, position that entailed comparisons to the role of in Europe.

The 2017 Mercer's report on, rated Montevideo first in Latin America, rank the city has consistently held since 2005. As of 2010, Montevideo was the 19th largest city economy in and 9th highest income earner among.

In 2017, it had a of $44 billion, with a of $25,900. In 2016, it was classified as a beta global city ranking eighth in and. Described as a 'vibrant, eclectic place with a rich cultural life', and 'a thriving tech center and entrepreneurial culture', Montevideo ranks 8th in Latin America on the 2013 Global Destination Cities Index.

In 2014, it was also regarded as the 5th most gay-friendly metropolis in the world, first in Latin America. It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port. The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger, with a population of around 2 million.

Plaza Independencia around 1900. In the early 20th century, many Europeans (particularly Spaniards and Italians but also thousands from Central Europe) immigrated to the city.

In 1908, 30% of the city's population of 300,000 was foreign-born. In that decade the city expanded quickly: new neighbourhoods were created and many separate settlements were annexed to the city, among which were the,, the and. The and the were also established, which served as poles of urban development. During the early 20th century, Uruguay saw huge social changes with repercussions primarily in urban areas.

Among these changes were the right of divorce (1907) and. The 1910s saw the construction of Montevideo's; strikes by tram workers, bakers and port workers; the inauguration of electric trams; the creation of the; and the inauguration of the new port. In 1913, the city limits were extended around the entire gulf.

The previously independent localities of the and were annexed to Montevideo, becoming two of its neighborhoods. During the 1920s, the equestrian statue of Artigas was installed in; the was built; the Spanish flying boat arrived (the first airplane to fly from Spain to Latin America, 1926); prominent politician and former president died (1929); and ground was broken (1929) for the (completed 1930). During World War II, a famous incident involving the German took place in, 200 kilometers (120 mi) from Montevideo.

After the with the and on 13 December 1939, the Graf Spee retreated to Montevideo's port, which was considered neutral at the time. To avoid risking the crew in what he thought would be a losing battle, Captain scuttled the ship on 17 December. Langsdorff committed suicide two days later. [ ] The eagle figurehead of the Graf Spee was salvaged on 10 February 2006; to protect the feelings of those still sensitive to, the on the figurehead was covered as it was pulled from the water. An old colonial feel to a street in Montevideo's Ciudad Vieja. Uruguay began to stagnate economically in the mid-1950s; Montevideo began a decline, later exacerbated by widespread social and political violence beginning in 1968 (including the emergence of the guerrilla ) and by the.

There were major problems with supply; the immigration cycle was reversed. From the 1960s to the end of the dictatorship in 1985, around one hundred people died or because of the political violence. From 1974 another hundred Uruguayans disappeared also in Argentina.

In 1980, the dictatorship proposed a new constitution. The project was submitted to and rejected in the first polls since 1971, with 58% of the votes against and 42% in favour. The result weakened the military and triggered its fall, allowing the return of democracy.

In the 1980s, Pope visited the city twice. In April 1987, as head of state of, he signed a mediation agreement for the conflict of the. He also held a large mass in, declaring the cross located behind the altar as a monument. In 1988, he returned to the country, visiting Montevideo,, and. 21st century [ ] The affected several industries of Montevideo. In 2017, the city has maintained 15 years of uninterrupted economic growth, with a of $44 billion, and a of $25,900.

Montevideo has consistently been rated as having the of any city in Latin America: by 2015 it has held this rank every year during the last decade. Geography [ ]. Map of the barrios of Montevideo As of 2010, the city of Montevideo has been divided into 8 political municipalities ( Municipios), referred to with the letters from A to G, including CH, each presided over by a mayor elected by the citizens registered in the constituency. This division, according to the Municipality of Montevideo, 'aims to advance political and administrative decentralization in the department of Montevideo, with the aim of deepening the democratic participation of citizens in governance.' The head of each Municipio is called an alcalde or (if female) alcaldesa. Of much greater importance is the division of the city into 62 barrios: neighbourhoods or wards.

Many of the city's barrios—such as, and —were previously geographically separate settlements, later absorbed by the growth of the city. Others grew up around certain industrial sites, including the works of and the in.

Each barrio has its own identity, geographic location and socio-cultural activities. A neighbourhood of great significance is Ciudad Vieja, that was surrounded by a protective wall until 1829. This area contains most important buildings of the colonial era and early decades of independence. Is the most populous Montevideo neighborhood.

The architecture of Montevideo ranges from buildings such as the to the style of the or the 158-metre (518 ft), the tallest skyscraper in the country. The Along with the Telecommunications Tower, the dominates the skyline of the Bay of Montevideo. The building facades in the Old Town reflect the city's extensive European immigration, displaying the influence of old European architecture. Notable government buildings include the, the City Hall, and the. The most notable sports stadium is the within.

Parque Batlle, and are Montevideo's three great parks. The district, near the beach of the same name, has many homes built by Bello and Reboratti between 1920 and 1940, with a mixture of styles. Return To Mecca Pdf File. Other landmarks in Pocitos are the ' designed by Raul Sichero, and the 'Positano' and 'El Pilar' designed by and in the 1950s and 1960s. However, the construction boom of the 1970s and 1980s transformed the face of this neighbourhood, with a cluster of modern apartment buildings for upper and upper middle class residents. [ ] Palacio Legislativo [ ]. Officially opened in 1998, although work is still ongoing as of 2010. The complex is composed of three towers, two three-story buildings called World Trade Center Plaza and World Trade Center Avenue and a large central square called Towers Square.

World Trade Center 1 was the first building to be inaugurated, in 1998. [ ] It has 22 floors and 17,100 square metres of space.

That same year the avenue and the auditorium were raised. World Trade Center 2 was inaugurated in 2002, a twin tower of World Trade Center 1. Finally, in 2009, World Trade Center 3 and the World Trade Center Plaza and the Towers Square were inaugurated. It is located between the avenues Luis Alberto de Herrera and 26 de Marzo and has 19 floors and 27,000 square metres (290,000 sq ft) of space.

The 6,300-square-metre (68,000 sq ft) [ ] World Trade Center Plaza is designed to be a centre of gastronomy opposite Towers Square and Bonavita St. Among the establishments on the plaza are, Walrus, Bamboo, Asia de Cuba, Gardenia Mvd, and La Claraboya Cafe.

The Towers Square, is an area of remarkable aesthetic design, intended to be a platform for the development of business activities, art exhibitions, dance and music performances and social place. This square connects the different buildings and towers which comprise the WTC Complex and it is the main access to the complex. The square contains various works of art, notably a sculpture by renowned Uruguayan sculptor. World Trade Center 4, with 40 floors and 53,500 square metres (576,000 sq ft) of space is under construction as of 2010. [ ] Telecommunications Tower [ ].

Torre de las Telecomunicaciones (Telecommunications Tower) or Torre Antel (Antel Tower) is the 158 metres (518 ft), 37 floor headquarters of Uruguay's telecommunications company,, and is the tallest building in the country. It was designed by architect. It is situated by the side of the Bay of Montevideo. The tower was completed by American Bridge and other design/build consortium team members on 15 March 2000. When its construction was announced, many politicians complained about its cost (US$40 million, plus US$25 million for the construction of the other 5 buildings of the Telecommunications Complex). Problems during its construction turned the original US$65 million price into US$102 million.

Ciudad Vieja (Old City) [ ]. Main article: Fortaleza del Cerro overlooks the bay of Montevideo. An observation post at this location was first built by the Spanish in the late 18th century. In 1802, a beacon replaced the observation post; construction of the fortress began in 1809 and was completed in 1839.

It has been involved in many historical developments and has been repeatedly taken over by various sides. In 1907, the old beacon was replaced with a stronger electric one. It has been a National Monument since 1931 and has housed a military museum since 1916. Today it is one of the tourist attractions of Montevideo.

Punta Brava Lighthouse [ ]. Uruguayan officials conversing at a meeting at the Palacio Taranco, 6 November 2010 The is located in front of the, in the heart of Ciudad Vieja. It was erected in the early 20th century as the residence of the Ortiz Taranco brothers on the ruins of Montevideo's first theatre (of 1793), during a period in which the architectural style was influenced by French architecture. The palace was designed by French architects and who also designed the and the in Paris. It passed to the city from the heirs of the Tarancos in 1943, along with its precious collection of Uruguayan furniture and draperies and was deemed by the city as an ideal place for a museum; in 1972 it became the Museum of Decorative Arts of Montevideo and in 1975 it became a National Heritage Site. The Decorative Arts Museum has an important collection of European paintings and decorative arts, ancient and and Islamic of the 10th–18th century from the area of present-day Iran.

The palace is often used as a meeting place by the Uruguayan government. Museo Historico Nacional de Montevideo The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay.

In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the National Museum of Natural History and Anthropology. In July 2009, the two institutions again became independent.

The Historical Museum has annexed eight historical houses in the city, five of which are located in the Ciudad Vieja. One of them, on the same block with the main building, is the historic residence of Antonio Montero, which houses the Museo Romantico. See also: As the capital of Uruguay, Montevideo is home to a number of festivals and carnivals including a Gaucho festival when people ride through the streets on horseback in traditional gaucho gear. The major annual festival is the annual which is part of the national festival of, celebrated throughout Uruguay, with central activities in the capital, Montevideo.

Officially, the public holiday lasts for two days on Carnival Monday and preceding, but due to the prominence of the festival, most shops and businesses close for the entire week. During carnival there are many open-air stage performances and competitions and the streets and houses are vibrantly decorated. 'Tablados' or popular scenes, both fixed and movable, are erected in the whole city. Notable displays include 'Desfile de las Llamadas' ('Parade of the Calls'), which is a grand united parade held on the south part of downtown, where it used to be a common ritual back in the early 20th century.

Due to the scale of the festival, preparation begins as early as December with an election of the 'zonal beauty queens' to appear in the carnival. Religion [ ] Church and state are officially separated since 1916 in Uruguay. The religion with most followers in Montevideo is Roman Catholicism and has been so since the foundation of the city. The was created as the of Montevideo in 1830. The vicariate was promoted to the Diocese of Montevideo on 13 July 1878. Elevated it to the rank of a on 14 April 1897.

The new archdiocese became the of the of,,,,,,,,. Montevideo is the only archdiocese in Uruguay and, as its, the archbishop is also of the. The archdiocese's and thus seat of its archbishop is. As of 2010, the current Archbishop of Montevideo is,, since his appointment on 11 February 2014. Other religious faiths in Montevideo are,,, and there are many people who define themselves as and, while others profess 'believing in God but without religion'. Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral [ ].

The (AFE) operates three commuter rail lines, namely the Empalme Olmos, San Jose and Florida. These lines operate to major suburban areas of, and. Within the Montevideo city limits, local trains stop at, Yatai (Step Mill),, Columbus (line to San Jose and Florida), and (line Empalme Olmos) stations.

The historic 19th century located in the neighbourhood of, six blocks from the central business district, was abandoned 1 March 2003 and remains closed. A new station, 500 metres (1,600 ft) north of the old one and part of the Tower of Communications modern complex, has taken over the rail traffic. (: MVD,: SUMU), which serves Montevideo, is located 12 miles (19 km) from the city centre. Several international airlines operate there. The airport serves over 1,500,000 passengers annually. Is a private airport operated by minor charter companies.

Public Transportation Statistics [ ] The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Montevideo, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 65 min. 14.% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 14 min, while 18% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 5.2 km, while 6% travel for over 12 km in a single direction.

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